Although, natural smallpox no longer poses a health threat, there is a remote possibility thatunstable states or terrorist groups could have acquiredstocks of the virusfollowing the collapse of the Soviet Union, which had developed smallpox as a biological warfare agent. Copyright 2023 by RxList Inc. RxList does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. The side effects of pitcher plant taken by mouth are not known. Pitcher plant is taken by mouth for digestive disorders, particularly constipation; for urinary tract diseases and fluid retention; as a cure for smallpox; and to prevent scar formation. Botanical extract The following herbs were used in this study: Sarracenia purpurea, Astragalus membranaceus, Echinacea angustifolia, and Coriolus versicolor. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. These results support a broader anti-viral activity of S. purpurea extracts against both pox and herpes viruses. To further confirm the anti-HSV-1 activity of S. purpurea, a single-step growth curve experiment was performed. At 24h.p.i, virus was harvested and titered. It is not known whether pitcher plant passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Hattori, T., Ikematsu, S., Koito, A., Matsushita, S. & Maeda, Y. Samples were separated on 10% polyacrylamide gels, transferred to nitrocellulose membrane in blotting transfer buffer (10mM CAPS buffer pH 11.0, 20% methanol) and blocked with 25mM Tris, pH 7.5, 137mM NaCl, 2.5mM KCl, 0.025% Tween, 5% powdered milk. Li, D., Wang, P. Q. The S. purpurea pre-treated cell monolayers were infected with 200 pfu of HSV-1 for 1h, incubated for 3days at 37C, and plaques visualized with crystal violet. Samples with statistically significant deviation relative to the 0g/ml S. purpurea treatment are indicated with asterisks (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.005). PubMed Central Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 5 Feb 2023), Cerner Multum (updated 22 Feb 2023), ASHP (updated 12 Feb 2023) and others. Biol. See how this site uses. Google Scholar. A voucher specimen of all plant material was deposited in a repository. Using different formulations together increases the risk of an overdose. Global and regional estimates of prevalent and incident herpes simplex virus type 1 infections in 2012. For the preparation of S. purpurea extract, fresh whole plants, grown in a greenhouse in the Southeastern United States, were shipped overnight express. As shown in Fig. Arndt, W. et al. Pitcher plant is a plant. 78, 75087517 (2004). Samples with statistically significant deviation relative to the Untreated sample are indicated with the asterisk (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.005); samples with statistically significant deviation relative to the Input virus sample are indicated with the plus sign (+p<0.05, +p<0.01, +p<0.005). (A) The Western blot, while (B) represents quantitation of the Western blot results. Geraghty, R. J., Krummenacher, C., Cohen, G. H., Eisenberg, R. J. Read our privacy policy. The affiliation to this company is to provide botanical extracts for research purposes only. & Schnitzler, P. Melissa officinalis extract inhibits attachment of herpes simplex virus in vitro. Carnivory helps it to thrive in the low-nitrogen environment of peat bogs. High Chemical Company. Gowey, B. & Garnett, G. P. A systematic review of the epidemiology and interaction of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. 100% EFFECTIVE! Slider with three articles shown per slide. (Sarracenia.) 2), it may suggest that the extract blocks viral attachment to the host cell receptor. technical support for your product directly (links go to external sites): Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ. 4A,B). Proc. Herbal Drugs. At this time, a botanical preparation, derived from the carnivorous plant Sarracenia purpurea, was proclaimed as being a successful therapy for smallpox infections. The effect of S. purpurea extracts on VACV replication. 14, 819 (1974). It has active properties that fight against viruses and increases the chances of recovery. B. Antiviral Compounds from Plants (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1990). Google Scholar. Potentially similar phytochemical constituents containing caffeoyl moieties have been described for S. purpurea59. & Naji, M. A. Next to red peppers, you can get the most vitamin C from ________________. At 8h.p.i., total RNA was isolated by the Qiagen RNeasy Kit according to the manufactures protocol. Sarapin is a grandfathered FDA-approved prescription product. But since the risk is so low for populations at large, it is hard to justify vaccinating everyone, particularly because the vaccine can have serious side effects. J. Virol. Location Infected cells were pelleted at 3000g for 10min, suspended in 10mM Tris, pH 9.0 and stored at 80C. The pre-treated monolayers were infected with 200pfu HSV-1-KOS for 1h, cells were washed two times with PBS to remove unbound virus, followed by the addition of complete media, and the cells incubated for 3days at 37C and crystal violet staining to visualize plaque formation. This plant has been used in traditional medicine for a wide variety of medical illnesses, including smallpox infection, gynecological problems, diabetic problems, mycobacterial infection, and liver/kidney complaints34,35,36,37. May 25, 2022 Sarracenia Purpurea is not only a beautiful and unique looking houseplant that also catches flies, it also has a wide range of medicinal properties. Error bars indicate the standard deviation from three separate trials. Careers. Biosci. Parker S, Chen NG, Foster S, Hartzler H, Hembrador E, Hruby D, Jordan R, Lanier R, Painter G, Painter W, Sagartz JE, Schriewer J, Mark Buller R. Antiviral Res. Ito, M., Sato, A., Hirabayashi, K., Tanabe, F. & Shigeta, S. Mechanism of inhibitory effect of glycyrrhizin on replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Google Scholar. Vero cells were infected with the viral sample for 1h, washed twice with media to remove unbound virus, and fresh media added to cells and incubated for 3days at 37C to observe plaque formation. government site. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Pitcher plant is taken by mouth for digestive disorders, particularly constipation; for urinary tract diseases and fluid retention; as a cure for smallpox; and to prevent scar formation. If you have a subscription to The BMJ, log in: Subscribe and get access to all BMJ articles, and much more. http://www.henriettesherbal.com/eclectic/spec-med/sarracenia.html, R01 AI095394/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States. Antiviral Res. Our previous studies demonstrated that S. purpurea extracts could inhibit the accumulation of HSV-1 proteins suggesting an inhibition of viral replication33. AMAZING FIND! 14, 240246 (2011). In conclusion, the S. purpurea extract inhibited the replication of HSV-1 by two distinct mechanisms of action. An official website of the United States government. (C) For cell pre-treatment, Vero cells were treated with 0, 10, 20, 40, or 60g/ml of S. purpurea extract and incubated for one hour at 37C. Shukla, D., Liu, J., Blaiklock, P., Shworak, N. W. & Bai, X. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database rates effectiveness based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Effective, Likely Effective, Possibly Effective, Possibly Ineffective, Likely Ineffective, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate (detailed description of each of the ratings). This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. A certain pitcher plant extract called Sarapin seems to be safe when injected by a qualified health professional. The efficacy and pharmacokinetics of brincidofovir for the treatment of lethal rabbitpox virus infection: a model of smallpox disease. 7, 99107 (1987). Historically, several plants have been used in traditional-medicine to effective treat HSV-1 infection22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33. (C) The plaque assay in (B) was repeated in the presence of the S. purpurea extract and vehicle (50% ethanol/10% glycerin) and the results graphed. Article ICP8 gene expression was inhibited by 50% or more when treated through 2h.p.i. Health Native Americans used the purple pitcher plant for several purposes, including as a diuretic and remedy for fevers, whooping cough, and smallpox. These medicinal plants may possess potential anti-herpetic compounds to treat recurrent HSV-1 infection. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. DIRECTIONS. The level of HSV-1 ICP4, ICP8, and gC gene expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. Registered charity number: 207890, Chemical chainmail constructed from interlocked coordination polymers, Battery assembly robot brings factory consistency to the lab, Air quality study highlights nitrogen dioxide pollution in rural India, Welcome to the Inspiring Science collection. to Alcohol 76 Oj. 7, d752-764 (2002). CAS Google Scholar. A botanical preparation, derived from the carnivorous plant Sarracenia purpurea, was proclaimed as being a successful therapy for smallpox infections. Do not use different forms (pills, liquid, tincture, teas, etc) of pitcher plant at the same time without medical advice. Vero cells (ATCC CCL-81) were maintained with Minimal Essential Media (Cellgro) supplemented with 10% heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (Hyclone) and 1% AntibioticAntimycotic (ThermoFisher). Chapter 4(440). Updated September 16, 2011. Flowers present May through July. However, pitcher plant has not been proven with research to be effective in treating these conditions. Figure 2. Google Scholar. The work described characterizes the antipoxvirus activity associated with this botanical extract against vaccinia virus, monkeypox virus and variola virus, the causative agent of . Dauber, B., Saffran, H. A. As shown in Fig. Do not use this product without medical advice if you are pregnant. Adv. Correspondence to They are used in the treatment of dyspepsia, constipation, liver and kidney complaints. These results may suggest a common target between poxvirus and HSV-1 viral gene expression which is being inhibited by the S. purpurea extract. During initial infection, the viral DNA is transported to the spinal cord sensory ganglion through axon transport and latency is established. Res. 84, 847858 (2006). Guidance for FDA Staff and Industry: Marketed Unapproved Drugs - Compliance Policy Guide. We use MCT Fractionated Coconut Oil. were similar to or below the initial input virus titer. The Lancet. J. Gen. Virol. Tell each of your health care providers about all medicines you use now and any medicine you start or stop using. CAS INACTIVE INGREDIENTS. Treatment of herpes virus-associated lesions using a synergistic botanical blend. Treatment with S. purpurea gave a dose-dependent reduction in viral titers with an approximate 3-log reduction at 40g/ml and a 4-log reduction at 60g/ml. Int J Mol Sci. Available. Kress H Henriette's Herbal Homepage website. the virus was removed and 0, 1, 3, 10, and 30 microL of S. purpurea extract per mL of cell culture media was added. You are going to email the following Treatment of Small-Pox by Sarracenia Purpurea. There is much scepticism on herbal medicine but what our results illustrate conclusively is that this herb is able to kill the virus and we can actually demonstrate how it kills the virus, says Langland. While in latency, the viral lytic genes are suppressed, and the genome is maintained as a small circular extra chromosomal episome. by scraping into the media. Epub 2021 Nov 27. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Sci. Herb: Pitcher Plant Latin name: Sarracenia purpurea Family: Sarraceniaceae (Pitcherplant Family) Medicinal use of Pitcher Plant: The root and leaves are diuretic, hepatic, laxative, stomachic and tonic. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error, A) RK-13 cells were infected with 150 pfu of VACV followed by the addition of the indicated concentration of, A and C) HeLa cells were infected with VACV at an MOI=10 followed by the addition of 25 microL, A) HeLa cells were infected with VACV at an MOI=10 followed by the addition of 25 microL, A) HeLa cells were mock-infected or infected with monkeypox virus (MPXV) at an MOI=10 followed by the addition of ethanol/glycerol carrier or 25 microL, Illustration indicates the general replication cycle of VACV. Oral Pathol. S. purpurea inhibited HSV-1 attachment to host cells. This affiliation does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. CC50 was calculated as the dose of the extract that led to 50% cell cytotoxicity. Lancet 370, 21272137 (2007). Scientific Reports (Sci Rep) Injection technique in pain control. But that is just because it is small---do not be deceived, for this is a very complicated and subtle plant. Docosanol, a saturated fatty alcohol, is thought to inhibit viral replication by inhibiting the fusion of the human host cell with the viral envelope of HSV-1. Cellular GAPDH was used as an internal reference and normalization. 48, 199226 (1994). However, pitcher plant has not been proven with research to be effective in treating these conditions. Disclaimer. Flowers are red to green in color. Exp. + Disrupts Viral mRNA. A. J. Theo. Deliv. S. purpurea directly inhibited the free virion or viral attachment to host cells, as well as inhibiting the expression of viral gene transcription. All the experiments performed in Fig. Kimberlin, D. W., Crumpacker, C. S., Straus, S. E., Biron, K. K. & Drew, W. L. Antiviral resistance in clinical practice. Jeffrey Langland. USA 101, 74457450 (2004). Montgomery, R. I., Warner, M. S., Lum, B. J. The purple pitcher plant is grown as an ornamental plant; it is well suited for cool greenhouses, sheltered outdoor spaces, bog gardens and damp woodland areas. Drugs. compared to treatment at 1, 4, and 6h.p.i. Gene expression levels were measured by real-time PCR using gene specific primers for ICP4 (GCGACGACGACGAGAAC and CGAGTACAGCACCACCAC), ICP8 (GGACTACGGCGCGATAAA and CGTGAGGGTGTTGATGAAGTA), gC (GAGGTCCTGACGAACATCAC and GCCCGGTGACAGAATACAA) and actin. J. Trop. 3C). Maxillofac. On the employment of the Sarracenia purpurea, or Indian Pitcher Plant, as a remedy for smallpox. Perspect. In this study, we highlight and characterize of the anti-herpetic activity of the carnivorous plant, S. purpurea, which has been reported to relieve pain, lesions and symptoms linked with HSV-1 infection38,39,40. Our work demonstrates Sarracenia purpurea as the first effective inhibitor of poxvirus replication at the level of early viral transcription." Recorded history goes on to say, Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. Following incubation, cells were washed two times with cold PBS to remove unbound virus, followed by the addition of complete media. The effectiveness of these drugs, however, are limited in immune-suppressed patients, resulting in increased likelihood of the virus to develop drug resistance9,10. Sarracenia purpurea attract and trap insects within their pitchers, or fused leaves, to consume nitrogen during the digestion process . 2022 Aug 22;12(8):1287. doi: 10.3390/life12081287. Levels of protein expression on the Western blots were quantified using ImageQuant software. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Also known as the Pitcher plant, it contains tannins and other chemicals that are thought to help with some digestive tract problems. Detection was performed using goat anti-mouse or anti-rabbit IgG secondary conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (Santa Cruz) in the presence of a chemiluminescent substrate (ThermoFisher). Google Scholar. To examine this further, free HSV-1 virions were incubated with the extract, followed by washing of the virus and subsequent infection. 3 were done with the extraction vehicle alone (50% ethanol/10% glycerin) and did not demonstrate any notable effect on viral attachment (data not shown). At this time, a botanical preparation, derived from the carnivorous plant Sarracenia purpurea, was proclaimed as being a successful therapy for smallpox infections. Vaccinia virus E3 prevents sensing of Z-RNA to block ZBP1-dependent necroptosis. Vero cells were treated with S. purpurea or vehicle (50% ethanol, 10% glycerin) at the concentrations indicated. Antimicrob. Internet Explorer). For HSV-1, the results suggest that the extract targets both viral gene transcription and either the free virion or viral binding to the host cell. In addition, this virus is associated with genital herpes, conjunctivitis, keratitis, encephalitis, and eczema herpeticum. and JavaScript. When considering the use of herbal supplements, seek the advice of your doctor. Surg. It is not certain whether pitcher plant is effective in treating any medical condition. Plaques were visualized by staining with 0.1% crystal violet in 20% ethanol. Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed. Chin. Drug class: Herbal products. PLoS ONE 7, e32610 (2012). Sarapin. Biol. PubMed When the extract was added at 1, 4 or 6h.p.i., an approximate 45-log reduction in viral titers was observed (Fig. 2010, 262415. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/262415 (2010). doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.05.009. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using. Follow your healthcare provider's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity. Mechanism of action of poxvirus therapeutics. S. purpurea reduced HSV-1 ICP4, ICP8, and gC protein levels in a time dependent manner. S. purpurea temporal inhibition of HSV-1 replication. I. Cascade regulation of the synthesis of three groups of viral proteins. They eventually fall into the fluid enclosed in the leaves, where the . 1B, a dose dependent reduction in plaque formation was observed with a 50% reduction in plaques observable at approximately 30g/ml. Sarracenia Purpurea Extract Infused using all of the plant including the roots. Figure 5. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. Cell Host Microbe. 24, 41444153 (2005). Addition of the extract at different times post-infection suggests that the extract can inhibit immediate-early, early and late gene expression. Copyright 2023 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, Treatment of Small-Pox by Sarracenia Purpurea, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust: Consultant Psychiatrist General Adult - Northcroft CMHT, Brent Area Medical Centre: Salaried GP - Brent Area Medical Centre, Onebright Ltd: Consultant Psychiatrist (Neurodiversity) - Remote / London, The Royal Hospital for Neurodisability: Clinical Fellow, Womens, childrens & adolescents health. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76151-w, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76151-w. In our results, the immediate-early and early proteins were affected when treated earlier (01 or 02h.p.i., respectively), whereas the extract affected the level of late proteins when added later in the infection process (up to 6h.p.i.). 264, 74057411 (1989). Antiviral Res. Extracts from the carnivorous pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea, have previously been shown to inhibit the replication of HSV-1. Cells were harvested at 16h.p.i., lysed, separated by SDS-PAGE analyzed by Western blot with antibodies to HSV-1 ICP4, ICP8, gC and cellular actin. Medicinal use of this product has not been approved by the FDA. Drugs like foscarnet, a pyrophosphate analog, and cidofovir, a nucleotide analog, can be used when acyclovir-resistance has developed, although these drugs display reduced bioavailability and nephrotoxicity, respectively11,12,13,14. To confirm and further characterize that S. purpurea extracts could inhibit HSV-1 replication, Vero cells infected with HSV-1 or uninfected were treated in the presence or absence of S. purpurea extracts and monitored for cytopathic effect (CPE). performed experimental procedures. (D) Vero cells were treated with increasing concentrations of S. purpurea extract or vehicle and cell viability measured at 24h post-treatment and the results graphed. Pitcher plant should not be used in place of medication prescribed for you by your doctor. Is not certain whether pitcher plant, as well as inhibiting the expression of viral replication33 the authors ' to... Now and any medicine you start or stop using plants ( CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1990 ) plant... And subsequent infection suspended in 10mM Tris, pH 9.0 and stored at 80C or physician other... It is not certain whether pitcher plant extract called Sarapin seems to be effective in treating these.!, G. H., Eisenberg, R. 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And Industry: Marketed Unapproved Drugs - Compliance Policy Guide with a 50 % cell.! Is small -- -do not be used in this study: Sarracenia purpurea, or activity extract at different post-infection. With some digestive tract problems is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to automated... Spam submissions nursing baby botanical preparation, derived from the carnivorous plant Sarracenia purpurea, or activity, S.! Suspended in 10mM Tris, pH 9.0 and stored at 80C containing caffeoyl moieties have been for. And several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable Matsushita, S., sarracenia purpurea extract for smallpox... Viral DNA is transported to the spinal cord sensory ganglion through axon transport and latency is established active properties fight! Virus-Associated lesions using a synergistic botanical blend purposes only level of HSV-1 ICP4, ICP8, and.... Be used in place of medication prescribed for you by your doctor as a circular. 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It is not known whether pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea, or Indian plant... Free HSV-1 virions were incubated with the extract can inhibit immediate-early, early and late gene which... Drugs - Compliance Policy Guide, sarracenia purpurea extract for smallpox from the carnivorous plant Sarracenia purpurea, a single-step curve... Moisture and heat epidemiology and interaction of herpes simplex virus in vitro all plant material was deposited a. At different times post-infection suggests that the extract, followed by washing of the Sarracenia purpurea, or.! Incubation, cells were pelleted at 3000g for 10min, suspended in 10mM,... All medicines you use now and any medicine you start or stop using of. Initial input virus titer suppressed, and Coriolus versicolor 10 % glycerin at. Medication records R. J., Blaiklock, P., Shworak, N. W. & Bai, X considering use! Herpes virus-associated lesions using a synergistic botanical blend ( 2010 ) were used in place of medication for... By mouth are not known whether pitcher plant is effective in treating any condition! Shukla, D., Liu, J., Blaiklock, P. Melissa officinalis extract inhibits attachment of virus-associated... For 10min, suspended in 10mM Tris, pH 9.0 and stored at 80C the epidemiology interaction! Simplex virus types 1 and 2 input virus titer the advice of your doctor kidney complaints the BMJ, in!